MANEUVERS AROUND WALLED TOWN NAARDEN IN 1885

Maneouvres rondom Vesting Naarden in 1885


Naarden fortifications on the shovel
The last quarter of the nineteenth century brought great changes
in Discard it. The construction of the Eastern Railway Amersfoort
- Amsterdam and the Discard the Tram engine Gooische unlocked.
The indigenous population fell from its isolation and the region
was opened to commuters. In this period, the fortifications of
Naarden adapted to the 'progress', ie the "modern" warfare.
The improvement was due to the development of the guns and
grenades in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870. The German Army
in this new weaponry constituted a serious threat. The fortress
walls were raised and it built the bomb-proof barracks Promers,
Oud Molen (Old Mill) and Oranje (Orange). On the bastions were
bombproof buildings, one of those alphabetical letter were provided.
(For example, some on Turfpoort (Turf Gate) bastion built by the
To managers known as X and Poterne IJ.)
The Zuiderzee coast was built and around Fort Frankly Naarden also
five small forts. They were respectively the names of "no work
1 ', No. 2, No. 3, No. 4, No. 5. (now only remaining 'Work 4' in
Bussum.) All the groundwork was done to walls and forts in the "hand".
Shovel and wheelbarrow were the only tools. Also in January the Willemsz
Gooijer, my grandfather, had to sign on to the
fortress-building. He was single and was now in his father's farm
Bussum-barrier to the street to live. Usually worked elsewhere as
farmhand and lived thus far from home. January was now side by side
polder legged boys with heavy and could hardly work. To be
back to save he wore a specially made leather corset. Or
other brothers were doing this work is unknown. However, his elder brother
Cornelis in trouble, because his farm in the briquets Area
gave way to military buildings in Old Mill bastion.
After the work on the fortifications were completed, decided
the military leadership improved the resistance of the fortress Naarden
test. In 1885 so great maneuvers around Naarden
account, which 4000 soldiers took part. It was only several years old
magazine "The Throw and Eemlander" gave these maneuvers wide
attention. The expenditure of 22 Saturday, August 29 and 5, September 12
many columns were filled on the preparation and implementation.
Everything that happened was the people Naarden closely monitored.

Preparation
The soldiers were divided into an offensive and a defensive
party. To distinguish the attackers wore a white band around their
Sjako (headgear). A large proportion of them were stationed in tents on
the site of "Camp Laren. 1) Besides the infantry, monitoring-creating
with guns, field artillery was also present. The field guns were,
during the preparation in late August, from the Naarden Vesting
attack-handlers charged. For the transport of war material was used
made of the Steam Tram Gooische and civilian drivers. Probably
were the local farmers with their horses on, as later
at the outbreak of the First World War. 2)
Some of the defenders took up position in the forts 'Job No. 1 to 5'
and in the 'Lunetten' to ditch the Buttermilk. The rest, including the
artillery fortress, the fortress remained in Naarden rear. The tower of the
Grote Kerk was provided with a manual optical signaling device, such as
The Napoleonic period was used. In the barracks, the Old Mill
genius housed, there was also the headquarters of Colonel RC
of Onselen. The newspaper reported that the commander there the decision
had a telegraph connection and that even different
'telephone lines' were. Perfect information about the location of the
nerve center of the defense. It was the Prussian
espionage service operated on a tray, that side because of threatened
the real danger.
Heavy artillery of the fortress artillery was placed on the main walls.
The local "war correspondent" reported: "Everywhere the stabbing
guns threatening their heads, while some steel cannon
no less evil behind the high walls to await sooner
The enemy shows over the parapet along the heavy projectiles
swinging ". guards were everywhere, which in bad weather in
simple guard houses were built of straw shelter. Also
shelters were built of wooden beams with sand were
hedged. It was early morning to late evening at work. The
walls were lit by as many points made lanterns.
Also at external work was labored. The fortress 'Work 4' on the heath
Bussum and between Camp Farm, was completely surrounded by palisades. Behind
This fort was a tent camp where an artillery division and genius
stayed. The large hangar spot was arranged as part
stable. The other part contained the latest invention in the
field of defense. Here was the engine fitted to the
electric "lighting device". This forerunner of the spotlight
could be illuminated forecourt. According to the correspondent: "They have
much better than the moon could be of service to the defender, since the
light in all directions can be rotated. The enemy can electrically
light also likely to be the moon wishes. The
But experts now claim that such a lamp is nice and sometimes
in war service will be able to do, but by first using a
must find her invulnerable and invisible part, because
they now the enemy not only the exact site of the fort betrays
but also by a well-aimed shot can be destroyed ".
Preparations were completed Saturday. Sunday, August 30 was
Monday was a rest day and a big parade on the moor at Bussum in
occasion of Budget Day.

Maneuvers.
The maneuvers began on Tuesday, September 1 and lasted a
break on Sunday to Thursday, September 10. Tuesday afternoon
three hours for two reasons 'enemy' soldiers on horseback through the lines of
the defenders. One rider was a parliamentary with a white flag, the
Another was a trumpeter. They drove to the fort and demanded the surrender,
which was denied by the fort commander. The first day focused the
attacks on the working day after the Vesting. Of course
these maneuvers drew many spectators. Not only the RSS
gazed themselves, it was also looking elsewhere. Even the tower was
curious climbed. Often they went home unsatisfied, because
not always know where "blow was delivered.
As of Wednesday morning, September 2 shot people from the ramparts.
Despite the shooting loose powder with the shots were so hard that
geadvi-classified, the windows opened. The citizens were not
rest day and night the thunder sounded. Of course, the soldiers
harder-ker. The food was often bad, but the rations were increased
and was given more meat than usual. The pay was minimal and
was a dime per day. For this tip, they were in the day and night
weather. 3) On quiet nights of the fourth defenders stood on guard
and fourth was dressed in straw. The other half was in
underwear on the loose straw bed.
The attackers were even worse off, they camped in the open air and
were apparent attack. Moreover, they had to raise redoubts and
loopgra build-ing. This work was done during heavy rain. At
only about 1000 of 'Working 4 "they dug a 400 meter long trench
with a parapet in front. It was "shell-free" cover
created and built batteries. Fortunately not many were sick. The
orderlies were very busy with training in the
respect and lay the blessing of the fake 'wounded'.
Meanwhile, every night busy experimenting with
"lighting device". Many curious people came to this miracle
the technique of looking. For almost everyone this was the first contact
with electric light. Bussum had to gas lighting in the beginning of the
Naarden twentieth century and was the first municipal electric Gooise
lighting in 1899.
After the maneuvers, there was a big parade with music. This was
place on the part of the different races were Bussummer Heide
held. Thanks to the nice weather drew this "grand" spectacle much
attention. The "war correspondent" ended his report with: "Every
returned home satisfied, the many spectators on foot and in
coaches as well as the soldiers, who were glad to return home
may turn to be honored as the weather in recent days most likely
was.
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Automatic translation !!

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1) Now Crailo asylum center.
2) In 1914 my father brought, Herman de Gooijer, with his father's horse
guns from Naarden to Utrecht.
3) Until about 1900 wealthy sons not fulfilled their military
service, an early-type refuse Yups. They let themselves be replaced
by a remplaçant.
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Images:
Fort IV Work
Promerskazerne
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Manoevres rondom Naarden in 1885 (Maneuvers around Naarden in 1885)
DE OMROEPER October 1999
F.J.J. de Gooijer

http://gooijer.nl.jouwpagina.nl/